This course provides a comprehensive introduction to general pathology, focusing on the basic mechanisms of disease and how cells and tissues respond to injury. It is designed for beginners in medical and biological sciences who want to understand fundamental pathological processes.

The course begins with an overview of diagnostic methods such as biopsy and autopsy. A biopsy involves the removal of tissue samples for examination, while an autopsy is performed to determine the cause of death and study disease progression. It also introduces the handling and importance of clinical specimens in diagnosis.

Learners will then explore the concept of cell injury, explaining how cells are damaged by factors such as toxins, infection, ischemia, and trauma. The course distinguishes between reversible and irreversible injury.

Key mechanisms of cell death are covered, including apoptosis (programmed cell death) and necrosis (uncontrolled cell death), highlighting their differences and biological significance.

The course also explains inflammation as a protective response to injury and hypoxia as a condition of reduced oxygen supply that can lead to cellular damage.

By the end of this course, learners will understand the basic principles of pathology and how diseases develop at the cellular level, forming a foundation for further medical study.